The state population was estimated to be 81,565,834 in 2019. Rani Velu Nachiyar, was the first woman freedom fighter of India and Queen of Sivagangai. Tamil Nadu- A land of cultural and religious heritage, offers every chance to its tourists and pilgrims to be enchanted with the vast … Temples such as the Meenakshi Amman Temple at Madurai and Nellaiappar Temple at Tirunelveli are the best examples of Pandyan temple architecture. The Tamil Nadu legislative assembly is housed at the Fort St. George in Chennai. Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah surrendered much of his territory to the East India Company which firmly established the British in the northern parts. [50][51] The British crown took over the control governance from the company and the remainder of the 19th century did not witness any native resistance until the beginning of 20th century Indian Independence movements. Gregorian 2000 is Thiruvalluvar 2031. TOURISM Demand No.29 POLICY NOTE 2019 – 2020 Contents Sl. [18] The total number of Buddhists in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 11186 which forms 0.02% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. Coffee and tea are the staple drinks. Europeans started to establish trade centres during the 17th century in the eastern coastal regions. This festival is also called Kumbamela of South.[120][121]. It is believed he built the St. Mary's Church in Thiruvithamcode, Kanyakumari district in 63 AD. TN (Tamil Nadu) Lok Sabha Elections 2019: Know all about Tamil Nadu General Election 2019 schedule, election dates, announcements, process, Tamil Nadu lok sabha election results. The icon links to further information about a selected place including its population structure (gender, urbanization, population group, literacy (a7+), activity status (a7+)). According to Mahadevan, the find was evidence of the use of the Harappan language, and therefore that the "Neolithic people of the Tamil country spoke a Harappan language". The SDAT – TNSRA Squash Academy in Chennai is one of the very few academics in South Asia hosting international squash events. [84][85] The life expectancy at birth for males is 65.2 years and for females it is 67.6 years. Tamil Nadu has Indian Union Muslim League, Indian National League, Manithaneya Makkal Katchi, Manithaneya Jananayaga Katchi, All India Muslim League, Tamil Nadu Thowheed Jamaath and other smaller parties in support of Muslims. [14][15] Many of them retain some Jain customs such as vegetarianism. [88] Corruption is a major problem in the state with Transparency International ranking it the second most corrupt among the states of India. Who won and lost. Check reevaluation procedure, pass percentage and other details. [128] The first silent film in Tamil Keechaka Vadham, was made in 1916. By the early 18th century, the political scene in Tamil Nadu saw a major change-over and was under the control of many minor rulers aspiring to be independent. 90, No. He wrote: ‘There is no archaeological evidence of a southward migration through the Deccan after the end of the urban phase of the Indus Valley Civilisation The only actual evidence of movements at that period is of Late Harappans migrating towards the Ganges plains and towards Gujarat... Migration apart, there is a complete absence of Harappan artefacts and features south of the Vindhyas: no Harappan designs on pottery, no Harappan seals, crafts and ornaments, no trace of Harappan urbanism… Cultural continuity from Harappan to historical times has been increasingly documented in North India, but not in the South… This means, in effect, that the south-bound Late Harappans would have reverted from an advanced urban bronze-age culture to a Neolithic one! Tamil Nadu government is planning to lay 55,000 km of optical fibre cable across the State and provide high-speed internet up to 1Gbit/s and connect all the Corporations, Municipalities, Town Panchayats and village panchayats. Road transport is provided by state owned Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation and State Express Transport Corporation. All other religions like Jains and Buddhists represent less than 1%. Details about the population of Kerala based on India Census 2011. The Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative ranks Tamil Nadu to have a Multidimensional Poverty Index of 0.141, which is in the level of Ghana among the developing countries. With more than 79.8% population of Hindus in India, Hinduism has the largest number of followers in India. Tamil Nadu is one of the leading states in the textile sector and it houses the country's largest spinning industry accounting for almost 80 per cent of the total installed capacity in India. The enumeration showed that the number of individuals in the state developed by 15.6% when diverged from 11.7% in the earlier decade. The fall of the Vijayanagara empire and the Chandragiri Nayakas gave the sultanate of Golconda a chance to expand into the Tamil heartland. [198] Tamil Nadu ranks first nationwide in diesel-based thermal electricity generation with a national market share of over 34 per cent. The Kalpakkam Nuclear Power Plant, Ennore Thermal Plant, Neyveli Lignite Power Plant, many hydroelectric plants including Mettur Dam, hundreds of windmills and the Narimanam Natural Gas Plants are major sources of Tamil Nadu's electricity. Puli Thevar was one of the earliest opponents of the British rule in South India. Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. [140], For the year 2014–15 Tamil Nadu's GSDP was ₹9.767 trillion (US$140 billion), and growth was 14.86. In 1578, the Portuguese published a Tamil book in old Tamil script named 'Thambiraan Vanakkam', thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. [182] The major road junctions are Chennai, Vellore, Madurai, Trichy, Coimbatore, Tiruppur, Salem, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Karur, Kumbakonam, Krishnagiri, Dindigul and Kanniyakumari. Notification No. The state has a range of flora and fauna with many species and habitats. The dip in domestic tourist inflow comes despite Tamil Nadu adding 11 crore tourists who visited the state in 2019 vis-a-vis 2018. Other problems include class, gender, inter-district, and urban-rural disparities. Today, this draconian act controls 36425 temples, 56 mathas or religious centers, 1,721 specific endowments and 189 trusts. The state government owns Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers,[169] in Karur. [17] About 60 per cent of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language. The governor is the constitutional head of the state while the Chief Minister is the head of the government and the head of the council of ministers. Tourism in India 2 3. Cricket contests between local clubs, franchises and teams are popular in the state. [13][14] In Adichanallur, 24 km (15 mi) from Tirunelveli, archaeologists from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) unearthed 169 clay urns containing human skulls, skeletons, bones, husks, grains of rice, charred rice, and celts of the Neolithic period, 3,800 years ago. GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU DIRECTORATE OF MINORITIES WELFARE 1st floor, Khalas Mahal, Chepauk, Chennai-600 005 POST-MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP TO MINORITY COMMUNITIES STUDENTS FOR THE YEAR 2019-20 Applications are invited from the students belong to notified religious … Muslim Population in Tamil Nadu is 42.29 Lakhs (5.86 percent) of total 7.21 Crore. The gymnosperm diversity of the country is 64 species of which Tamil Nadu has four indigenous species and about 60 introduced species. [127] In Tamil Nadu, cinema ticket prices are regulated by the government. According to epigraphist Iravatham Mahadevan, this was the first datable artefact bearing the Indus script to be found in Tamil Nadu. The Tamil Nadu Hockey Association is the governing body of hockey in the state. Tamil Nadu Population by Religion. Oomaithurai, younger brother of Kattabomman, took asylum under the Maruthu brothers, Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu and raised an army. Vishnu is either worshiped directly or in the form of his ten avatars, most famous of whom are Rama and Krishna. Common plant species include the state tree: palmyra palm, eucalyptus, rubber, cinchona, clumping bamboos (Bambusa arundinacea), common teak, Anogeissus latifolia, Indian laurel, grewia, and blooming trees like Indian labumusum, ardisia, and solanaceae. [105][106] It is one of the oldest Indian literature amongst all others. 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST) Other Backward Classes (OBCs) form 68% of Tamil nadu population. Tamil Nadu has six Nationalised Home Banks which originated in this state; Two government-sector banks Indian Bank and Indian Overseas Bank in Chennai, and four private-sector banks City Union Bank in Kumbakonam, Karur Vysya Bank, Lakshmi Vilas Bank in Karur, and Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited in Tuticorin. Candidates would have to contact their school for official mark sheet from April 20, 2019 to April 26, 2019. The main party in Tamil Nadu at that time was the Indian National Congress (INC). [95] Hinduism is mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. [41] The office of mayoralty of Madras was established in 1688. Tourism - Introduction 1 2. Archaeological evidence points to this area being one of the longest continuous habitations in the Indian peninsula. Tamil Nadu also has golf ground in Coimbatore, The Coimbatore Golf Club is an 18-hole golf course located in Chettipalayam in Coimbatore, located within the city limits in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. [76][77] Chennai is also the sixth-most populous city in India according to the 2011 Indian census. Tamil Nadu is the most populous state among all five states forming South India. The Indian Triathlon Federation and the Volleyball Federation of India are headquartered in Chennai. When the sultanate was incorporated into the Mughal Empire in 1688, the northern part of current-day Tamil Nadu was administrated by the Nawab of the Carnatic, who had his seat in Arcot from 1715 onward. Single screen theatres may charge a maximum of ₹50, while theatres with more than three screens may charge a maximum of ₹120 per ticket. Fairs & Festivals 8 6. [83], India has a human development index calculated as 0.619, while the corresponding figure for Tamil Nadu is 0.736, placing it among the top states in the country. [63][64] In 2003, the state had a total police population ratio of 1:668, higher than the national average of 1:717. [206] S. Ilavazhagi carrom world champion from 2002 to 2016. The government is the major investor in the state with 51 per cent of total investments, followed by private Indian investors at 29.9 per cent and foreign private investors at 14.9 per cent. It is believed that Owaisi plans to unite all of these small parties to lead the front and contest elections. [206] Most of these traditional sports are associated with festivals of land like Thai Pongal and mostly played in rural areas. In Arakkonam the male voter turnout was 78.45% and 76.98% female voters turned out for voting. British constructed Fort St. George[40] and established a trading post at Madras. The urban bodies include 15 city corporations, 152 municipalities and 529 town panchayats. In 1762, a tripartite treaty was signed between Thanjavur Maratha, Carnatic, and the British by which Thanjavur became a vassal of the Nawab of the Carnatic which eventually ceded to the British. No. The celebrated Nataraja temple at Chidambaram and the Ranganathaswamy Temple at Srirangam, Tiruchirappalli, held special significance for the Cholas which have been mentioned in their inscriptions as their tutelary deities. 1. The Western Ghats traverse the entire western border with Kerala, effectively blocking much of the rain-bearing clouds of the south-west monsoon from entering the state. Tamil Nadu has seen major investments in the automobile industry over many decades manufacturing cars, railway coaches, battle-tanks, tractors, motorcycles, automobile spare parts and accessories, tyres and heavy vehicles. [171], Tamil Nadu is the second largest software exporter by value in India. The eastern parts are fertile coastal plains and the northern parts are a mix of hills and plains. C. N. Annadurai left the party Dravida Kazhagam to form the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). The party was called after its English organ, Justice Party, by its opponents. Muslim Population in Tamil Nadu is 42.29 Lakhs (5.86 percent) of total 7.21 Crore. [217] The SDAT owns and operates world-class stadiums and organises sporting events. According to the tradition, St. Thomas, one of the twelve apostles, landed in Malabar Coast in 52 CE. [196] It is presently adding the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant to its energy grid, which on completion would be the largest atomic power plant in the country with 2000MW installed capacity. [154] In 2003–2004, Tamil Nadu had produced 3783.6 million of eggs, which was the second-highest in India representing 9.37 per cent of the total egg production in the country. The top engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu have been a major recruiting hub for the IT firms. This SPV named as "Chennai Metro Rail Limited" was incorporated on 3 December 2007 under the Companies Act. Incidentally, Haasan is also not wearing a mask. However, due to the differences between its two leaders E. V. Ramasamy and C. N. Annadurai, the party was split. Population of India By Religion. Tourism - Introduction 1 2. Subsequently, as the Vijayanagara Empire went into decline after the mid-16th century, many local rulers, called Nayaks, succeeded in gaining the trappings of independence. Kanyakumari district has about 46 percent Christian population. 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST) Other Backward Classes (OBCs) form 68% of Tamil nadu population. The DMK decided to enter politics in 1956. Out of the 123078 who appeared in Tamil Nadu, only about 59,785 students qualified. The central and the south-central regions are arid plains and receive less rainfall than the other regions. The per capita income at the current price is ₹72,993. Tamil Nadu Government increased 5% Dearness Allowance with effect from 1st July 2019. There are 29 national highways in the state, covering a total distance of 5,006.14 km (3,110.67 mi). The total cultivated area in the state was 5.60 million hectares in 2009–10. India’s economy is still growing quickly — around 6.6 percent in 2017 — but more and more Indians are out of work. Tourism in Tamil Nadu 3 Goals of Tourism Department 4 Strategy 5 4. [113] Notable example of Tamil poetry include the Tirukkural written by Tiruvalluvar. Tamil Nadu is the most populous state among all five states forming South India. The western, southern, and the northwestern parts are hilly and rich in vegetation. [218] It also accommodates sporting events, both at the domestic and international level, organised by other sports associations at its venues. Christian Population in Tamil Nadu is 44.18 Lakhs (6.12 percent… Fairs & Festivals 8 6. As per Election Commission, the final polling percentage in state's 38 parliamentary constituencies stood as follows: According to the publications of the Tamil Nadu government, the Gross State Domestic Product at Constant Prices (The base year 2004–2005) for the year 2011–2012 is ₹4.281 trillion (US$60 billion), an increase of 9.39 per cent over the previous year. Tamil Nadu has a wide range of biomes extending east from the South Western Ghats montane rain forests in the Western Ghats through the South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests and Deccan thorn scrub forests to tropical dry broadleaf forests and then to the beaches, estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs of the Bay of Bengal. The first day, Bhogi Pongal is celebrated by throwing away and destroying old clothes and materials by setting them on fire to mark the end of the old and emergence of the new. [112] The available literature from this period was categorised and compiled in the 10th century into two categories based roughly on chronology. Since then it has been the most dominant in Indian culture and society. This discriminatory act applies only to Hindu and Jain places of worship. [220] The state boasts some of the grand Hindu temples built-in Dravidian architecture. In the history of Tamil Nadu, there is only 2 state party is playing a vital DMK (Kalaingar) and ADMK (Amma). The YMCA College of Physical Education at Nandanam in Chennai was established in 1920 and was the first college for physical education in Asia. Tamil Nadu had a bicameral legislature until 1986, when it was replaced with a unicameral legislature, like most other states in India. (With inputs from News 18) TOURISM Demand No.29 POLICY NOTE 2019 – 2020 Contents Sl. In Tamil Nadu, the television industry is influenced by politics and majority of the channels are owned by politicians or people with political links. The ATP Chennai Open tournament is held in Chennai every January. The government of Tamil Nadu created a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for implementing the Chennai Metro Rail Project. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri Mountains, the Meghamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south. [30], Kallanai or Grand Anicut, an ancient dam built on the Kaveri River in Thanjavur district by Karikala Chola around the 2nd century CE[31][32][33][34], Shore Temple built by the Pallavas at Mamallapuram during the 8th century, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Religion. The total number of Hindus in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which forms 87.58% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. [13] The former North Arcot and South Arcot (now Tiruvannamalai, Vellore, Cuddalore and Villupuram Districts) districts have a large number of Jain temples, as well as a significant Jain population. [180][181] The state is also a terminus for the Golden Quadrilateral project, that connects Indian metropolises like (New Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai and Kolkata). Viluppuram (Tamil Nadu) Election 2019: Know Election Results for Viluppuram. The Pandyan capital Madurai was in the deep south away from the coast. 216 alleged hate crimes reported in Uttar Pradesh, highest in the country followed by Tamil Nadu (80 incidents), Gujarat (79 incidents), Haryana (61 incidents), Rajasthan (59 incidents) and Karnataka (48 incidents). The economy of Tamil Nadu is the second-largest state economy in India with ₹18.45 trillion (US$260 billion) in gross domestic product with a per capita GDP of ₹218,000 (US$3,100). Indian Angiosperm diversity comprises 17,672 species with Tamil Nadu leading all states in the country, with 5640 species accounting for 1/3 of the total flora of India. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats meet at the Nilgiri Hills. Airtel Broadband,[191] Act Broadband[192] BSNL, Hathway[193] and few others are providing high speed Fiber Optic broadband connection in many cities & rural areas across Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu has the country's third-longest coastline at about 906.9 km (563.5 mi). The Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT), a government body, is vested with the responsibility of developing sports and related infrastructure in the state. According to Ministry of Tourism statistics, 4.68 million foreign (20.1% share of the country) and 333.5 million domestic tourists (23.3% share of the country) visited the state in 2015 making it the most visited state in India both domestic and foreign tourists. The reason for the victory of the Justice Party in elections was the non-participation of the INC, demanding complete independence of India. … [57] The present Governor, Chief Minister and the Chief Justice are Banwarilal Purohit[58], Edappadi K. Palaniswami[59] and Sanjib Banerjee[60] respectively. [190] BSNL provides 2G & 3G mobile internet connections and all other three operators provide 2G, 3G & 4G Mobile broadband connections across Tamil Nadu. [147] Chennai Port is an artificial harbour situated on the Coromandel Coast and is the second principal port in the country for handling containers. Islam is the third largest religion of Tamil Nadu accounting for around 5.86 percent of the population according to the 2011 census. English is used as an additional official language for communication purposes. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the gateway for trains towards the north whereas Chennai Egmore serves as the gateway for the south. Tamil Nadu has historically been an agricultural state and is a leading producer of agricultural products in India. [168][citation needed]. During this final day, Kaanum Pongal – the word kaanum, means 'to view' in Tamil. Legislative powers are given to the Governor's council under the Indian Councils Act 1861 and 1909 Minto-Morley Reforms eventually led to the establishment of the Madras Legislative Council. Chennai, the capital of the state is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in India and is also one of the major metropolitan cities of India. Tamil is the official state language, spoken by the majority of people, along with a number of smaller languages Kannada, Malayalam, and Telugu. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram and the Airavatesvara Temple in Darasuram (Great Chola Temples) and the Shore Temple along with the collection of other monuments in Mamallapuram which have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.[221][222]. He was once referred to by Time magazine as "The Mozart of Madras". Almost every part of the state is well connected by buses 24 hours a day. In 1972, M. G. Ramachandran founded the new Dravidian party All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) named after his political mentor C. N. Annadurai popularly called "Anna". When India became independent in 1947, Madras presidency became Madras State, comprising present-day Tamil Nadu, coastal Andhra Pradesh up to Ganjam district in Odisha, South Canara district Karnataka, and parts of Kerala. The state adds over 1.2 million people to its current population every year. [149] Annual food grains production in the year 2007–08 was 10035,000 mt. The number of deaths at areas decreased from 1,053 in 2011 to 881 in 2012 and 867 in 2013.[183]. A quick analysis of result showed, girls outperforming the … At the time of the previous Lok Sabha elections in 2014, Arakkonam had 1,401,545 registered electors -- 692,883 of them male and 708,662 female. [197] The total installed capacity of electricity in the state by January 2014 was 20,716 MW. A total of 14,438,445 people constituting 20.01 per cent of the total population belonged to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 794,697 people constituting 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST). Tamil Nadu's coastline bore the brunt of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami when it hit India, which caused 7,793 direct deaths in the state. Tamil Nadu is the seventh most populous state in India. Get latest news and updates on Tamil Nadu Lok Sabha Elections 2019 on Economic Times. [103], Tamil written literature has existed for over 2,000 years. Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest known grammar book for the Tamil language, the Tolkāppiyam.Modern Tamil is largely based on the 13th-century grammar book Naṉṉūl which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam, with some modifications. Headquartered at Chennai, the Southern Railway network extends over a large area of India's southern peninsula, covering the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry, a small portion of Karnataka and a small portion of Andhra Pradesh. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. The categories are: Pathinenmaelkanakku (The Major Eighteen Anthology Series) comprising Eṭṭuttokai (The Eight Anthologies) and the Pattupattu (Ten Idylls) and Pathinenkilkanakku (The Minor Eighteen Anthology Series). The total number of Jains in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 89,265 which forms 0.12% of the total population of Tamil Nadu, including both Tamil Jains and Jains originating from North India that settled in Tamil Nadu. [158] Coimbatore is often referred to as the "Manchester of South India" due to its cotton production and textile industries. According to estimates, about 50 per cent of the human resources required for the IT and ITES industry was being sourced from the state. Poverty in the state dropped from 51.7 per cent in 1983 to 21.1 per cent in 2001[87] For the period 2004–2005, the Trend in Incidence of Poverty in the state was 22.5 per cent compared with the national figure of 27.5 per cent. In 2001, literacy rate in Tamil Nadu stood at 73.45 percent of which male and female were 82.42 percent and 64.43 percent literate respectively. In 1969, Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning "Tamil country".[52]. Tamil Nadu is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. DD Podhigai, Doordarshan's Tamil language regional channel was launched on 14 April 1993. Total literates in rural areas were 24,502,195. Hinduism in Tamil Nadu finds its earliest literary mention in the Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. Crore) and Growth (% YoY)", "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly history", "HDI and GDI Estimates for India and the States/UTs: Results and Analysis", "Human Development Index of India & Major States, 1981 – 2001", "Press Information Bureau English Releases", "Biodiversity, Tamil Nadu Dept. Category* : SC (O) / SC (A) / ST /BC /BCM / MBC&DNC [Pl. Religion : /2/ 8. The state has a total road length of 167,000 km (104,000 mi), of which 60,628 km (37,672 mi) are maintained by the Highways Department. Dheeran Chinnamalai (1756–1805), Polygar chieftain of Kongu and ally of Tipu Sultan who fought the British in the Second Polygar War. [202][203], Kabbadi, also known as Sadugudu, is recognised as the state game in Tamil Nadu. Subject Page No. [citation needed], Tamil Nadu has three major seaports located at Chennai, Ennore and Thoothukudi, as well as seven other minor ports including Cuddalore and Nagapattinam. [129] The first talkie was a multi-lingual film, Kalidas, which released on 31 October 1931, barely seven months after India's first talking picture Alam Ara. There has been a steady rise in Muslim population. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. The Cholas were prolific temple builders right from the times of the first medieval king Vijayalaya Chola. [131], There are more than 30 television channels of various genres in Tamil. 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